Parent
behavior training has shown to be more effective than medications and other
interventions for preschool children at risk of ADHD
(attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). Eight studies conducted of parent
behavior training produced the best and most consistent results. Only one study
of medical treatment with methylphenidate showed positive results, with combined
home and school/daycare intervention results being inconsistent.
Parent
behavior training improves parenting skills and children’s disruptive behavior,
including core symptoms of ADHD. Family doctors play an important part in
guiding this type of treatment, initiating required assessments, guiding
parents to evidence-based programs, monitoring these conditions, and advocating
for increased community resources.
Studies
conducted evaluating interventions for these children where guided by a single
question: "Among children younger than 6 years with ADHD or disruptive behavior
disorder, what are the effectiveness and adverse-event outcomes after
treatment?" The study was also limited to children younger than 6 with clinically
significant disruptive behavior as determined by referral for treatment; reliable
and valid screening instruments; and a diagnosis of ADHD, oppositional defiant
disorder, or conduct disorder.
Interventions
reviewed included pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment and excluded
alternative/complementary interventions. Reviewed interventions were parent
behavior training, psychostimulants, and combination of parent behavior
training and day care or school-based interventions. A majority of the studies
that have been conducted yielded positive results for parent behavior training
and less positive results were achieved with pharmacological management.
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